Subject: USDA Unveils New Food Pyramid

From: "Medscape Week in Review"<[email-masked]>
Date: Tue, 26 Apr 2005 18:50:31 -0400 (EDT)

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USDA Unveils New Food Pyramid

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Instant Poll
Breast Cancer Risk Perception
A study in the March 14 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine on breast cancer risk perception shows that patients may be resistant to information and may perceive heightened risk; these results have implications for other types of disease counseling as well. How can these patient reactions best be avoided? To vote and view results of a Medscape Instant Poll on the topic, click on the title above.

Letters and Editorials
Should Doctors, Patients, and Others Screen for Diseases?
Should screening be random or systematic, indicated or unindicated, voluntary or mandatory, announced or by surprise, covered by insurance or not, with or without consent, invasive or noninvasive?
Medscape General Medicine 7(2) 2005

Allergy/Clinical Immunology
Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux in Difficult Asthma
Identification and treatment of GERD do not appear to relate to improvement in asthma control in this population.
CHEST 127(4) 2005

Business of Medicine
Where Is HIPAA Taking Physician Practices?
Despite the initial cost and training required to bring your practice into HIPAA compliance, the goals of the act, once achieved, are commendable.
Medscape General Medicine 7(2) 2005

How to Become A Defensive Filer
Saving information you don't need could be costing more than you think.

Cardiology
Conference Coverage -- American College of Cardiology Annual Scientific Session
What are the take-home messages from the ACC meeting? The experts share their insights on ACE inhibitors and ARBs, device therapy for heart failure, and IVUS assessment of drug-eluting stents.

Further Results and Implications of Published and Ongoing Clinical Trials
Just what do some of the recent clinical trials mean for the treatment of hypertension in blacks, children, and diabetics?

Critical Care
Conference Coverage -- International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine
Read about new approaches to management of critically ill patients based on data presented at the International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine.

Factors Influencing In-Hospital Mortality in Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Which factors that in-hospital mortality among patients who require hospitalization for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia.

Dermatology
Imiquimod May Be Safe, Effective for Actinic Keratosis
In two randomized trials, median reduction of baseline lesions was 86.6% for 5% imiquimod cream dosed three times weekly for 16 weeks compared with 14.3% for placebo.
Medscape Medical News2005

Cutaneous Manifestations of Systemic Diseases
Learn about whether and how to treat scleredema, pruritic rashes specific to HIV infection, cutaneous consequences of renal failure and more.

Skin Necrosis Caused by Prilocaine: A Case Report
A 48-year-old woman suffers skin necrosis on her wrist after receiving Prilocane as a local anesthetic.

Diabetes & Endocrinology
Living-Donor Islet Transplantation: A Newsmaker Interview With Shinichi Matsumoto, MD, PhD
For the first time, Japanese investigators have successfully reversed a woman's diabetes by transplanting islets from a living donor's pancreas.
Medscape Medical News2005

Metformin and Lifestyle Intervention May Help Prevent Metabolic Syndrome
In a randomized trial, both of these interventions reduced the development of the metabolic syndrome in patients with impaired glucose tolerance.

Family Medicine/Primary Care
The Family Contribution to Health Status: A Population-Level Estimate
How significant is the family's effect on a person's health?
Ann Fam Med 3(2) 2005

Exercise and Well-Being: A Review of Mental and Physical Health Benefits Associated With Physical Activity
Exercise and physical activity have a positive impact on mood, obesity, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and sexual dysfunction. Learn recommendations for your patients from recent clinical trials.

Gastroenterology
Conference Coverage -- Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease emerges as the most common cause of abnormal liver function tests seen in patients presenting to practicing gastroenterologists and hepatologists. This and more in coverage.

Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Liver Transplant Candidates and Recipients
Patrick Yachimski, MD, and Raymond T. Chung, MD, discuss the evolution of treatment strategies and current recommendations for management of the HBV-infected LT candidate or recipient.

General Surgery
Surgical Interventions for COPD
A concise overview of the current state of lung-reduction surgery for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Geriatrics Aging 8(3) 2005

Acute Mesenteric Ischemia
Some advantages of retrograde bypass in acute mesenteric ischemia. Mechanisms of ischemia-perfusion injury.

HIV/AIDS
Impact of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy on Organ-Specific Manifestations of HIV-1 Infection
These authors analyzed the influence of HAART on organ-specific manifestations, and in particular OIs related to several organs, cerebral disorders, and HIV-related neoplasia.
HIV Med 6(2) 2005

Long-Term Neuropsychiatric Disorders on Efavirenz-Based Approaches
Investigators assessed neuropsychiatric disorders and their relation to efavirenz plasma levels, as well as quality of life and adherence in patients on long-term efavirenz-based HAART.

Antiretroviral-Experienced Patients: New Strategies for Optimizing Care
This report from a group of Canada's top HIV experts contains the latest information on the efficacy and tolerability of various strategies for highly treatment-experienced patients.

Hematology-Oncology
Chemical Approaches to the Discovery and Development of Cancer Therapies
What chemical approaches are used to develop agents that target specific features of cancer cells?
Nat Rev Cancer 5(4) 2005

Tumour Stem Cells and Drug Resistance
Insights into the mechanisms of stem-cell resistance to chemotherapy may lead to new therapeutic targets and better anticancer strategies.

Infectious Diseases
Expert Reviews and Commentary
Dr. Bartlett reviews the latest data on the 2004-2005 US flu season, impact of pneumococcal vaccination on macrolide resistance, heptavalent cholera vaccine, and more.
Medscape Infectious Diseases 7(1) 2005

Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia, Australia
Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) epidemiology is evolving, with more than 10% of community-onset SAB now caused by MRSA.

Internal Medicine
Beer and Wine May Increase Blood Pressure in Normotensive Men
In a crossover study, the effect of dealcoholized wine on blood pressure was no different than that of abstinence.
Medscape Medical News2005

A Systematic Review of Strategies to Improve Prophylaxis for Venous Thromboembolism in Hospitals
In general, the use of multiple active strategies for preventing thromboembolism appears to be more effective than a single strategy used in isolation.

Med Students
Excerpt -- From the Placebo Chronicles: Strange but True Tales From the Doctors' Lounge
Doctors share tales of lecture bingo and mistaken identity.
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Molecular Medicine
Genetic Predisposition to Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome
How genetic sleuthing revealed the mechanism, which suggests therapeutic approaches for acute illness.
ACP Medicine 2005

Nephrology
Journal Scan
This issue: What is suicide rate in dialysis patients? Are the costs associated with current cardiovascular screening recommendations for patients awaiting cadaveric renal transplantation justified?
Medscape Nephrology 1(1) 2005

Neurology & Neurosurgery
Conference Coverage -- American Academy of Neurology Meeting
Patients with chronic daily headache (CDH) have fewer headaches when they receive injections of botulinum toxin A. Read about this and more in our coverage.

Nursing
Journal Scan
Stay current -- this month's journal topics include multiple myeloma, acupuncture, medication errors, maternal and pediatric mortality, and more.
Medscape Nurses 7(1) 2005

Living With Schizophrenia: A Family Perspective
Most often families do not know how best to respond to changes in family member with schizophrenia -- they need guidance and direction.

Indoor Air Quality: Part II -- What It Does
Poor indoor air quality in schools can lead to decreased academic performance and days lost to illness.

Ob/Gyn and Women's Health
Dietary Soy Does Not Appear to Activate Hemostasis in Postmenopausal Women
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Medscape Medical News2005

Compliance With Osteoporosis Medications: Challenges for Healthcare Providers
Osteoporosis is largely asymptomatic for most patients, and they are unable to detect a medication effect directly. What can healthcare providers do to improve compliance and persistence with therapy?

Ophthalmology
Comparison of Recent AMD Clinical Trials: An Evidence-Based Approach to Treating AMD Patients
Which AMD therapies should you use? Peter K. Kaiser, MD, examines the evidence and discusses which therapies may be best for which patients.
Medscape Ophthalmology 9(1) 2005

Orthopaedics
Muscle Stem Cells and Exercise Training
This review examines the current understanding of the factors regulating muscle stem cells in response to exercise.
Exerc Sport Sci Rev 33(2) 2005

Pathology & Lab Medicine
Reflex High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Testing for Women With Atypical Squamous Cells
Results demonstrate that high-risk HPV detection might vary according to the age mix of the population tested and the interval after implementation of testing.
Am J Clin Pathol 123(4) 2005

Markedly Decreased Serum Sodium Concentration in a Patient With Multiple Myeloma
This 56-year-old man came in confused and disoriented, with low back pain and cough.

Pediatrics
Rotavirus: Identification, Treatment, and Prevention
The current understanding of rotavirus structure and serotypes, pathology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and prevention, plus an overview of the current status of vaccine development.

Early Tympanostomy Tube Placement May Be Recommended for Persistent or Recurrent Otitis Media
In a 14-year prospective study, some ears needed reinsertion, but those that healed after five years had hearing comparable to healthy ears.

The Placebo Responder Rate in Children and Adolescents
It is imperative to design inclusion criteria with regard to the established migraine history of the patient.

Pharmacist
FDA Safety Labeling Changes: Viramune, Copegus, Malarone
The FDA has approved revisions to the safety labeling for nevirapine tablets and oral suspension (Viramune), ribavirin tablets (Copegus), and atovaquone plus proguanil HCl and pediatric tablets (Malarone).
Medscape Medical News2005

"Good Publication Practice for Pharmaceutical Companies": Where Are We Now?
Eighteen months from the publication of "Good Publication Practice for Pharmaceutical Companies," one member of the group that developed these guidelines reflects on what they have achieved.

Formulation and Efficacy of Triamcinolone Acetonide Mouthwash for Treating Oral Lichen Planus
Is it more effective than the paste?

Psychiatry
Psychotherapy for Bipolar Disorder: Treatments to Enhance Medication Adherence and Improve Outcomes
Find out about the specific techniques used in the 4 most effective psychotherapies.

Conference Report -- American Psychopathological Association Meeting
What do the latest interdisciplinary efforts of researchers reveal about prevention and early intervention with schizophrenia and depression?

Mixed Mania: The Grab Bag Diagnosis
What are the differences between mixed mania and pure mania in terms of symptom profiles and clinical correlates? Why is diagnosing mixed mania accurately critical to your treatment choices?

Public Health & Prevention
USDA Unveils New Food Pyramid
Moderation, exercise, and individuality are now being stressed with the hope that a new emphasis will help make a dent in the US obesity epidemic.
Medscape Medical News2005

Pulmonary Medicine
Surgical Interventions for COPD
A concise overview of the current state of lung-reduction surgery for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Geriatrics Aging 8(3) 2005

Journal Scan -- COPD
Read about exacerbations and time spent outdoors, improvement in exercise tolerance, and more.

Rheumatology
Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Levels in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension
This is the first time that MMP-9 serum levels are reported to be down-regulated in PAH patients and up-regulated following bosentan treatment.
Curr Med Res Opin 21(3) 2005

Inflammatory Musculoskeletal Conditions in Older Adults
This useful review describes musculoskeletal inflammatory conditions, such as gout, pseudogout, and polymyalgia rheumatica, which are seen mostly in older patients.

Dermatological Conditions During TNF-alpha-Blocking Therapy in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Do patients receiving TNF-alpha-blocking therapy experience significant side effects?

Transplantation
A Comparison of Tacrolimus and Cyclosporine in Liver Transplantation
Which calcineurin inhibitor was associated with significantly better blood pressure and serum lipid levels?
Am J Transplant 5(5) 2005

Urology
Preservation of the Neurovascular Bundle During Radical Prostatectomy
Does this technique compromise cancer control?
Nat Clin Pract Urol 2(3) 2005

How Common Are Major Depression, Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia?
Approximately 23% of American adults each year have a diagnosable mental disorder and as many as 5.4% of adults in the U.S. have a serious mental illness. For the latest information, visit the Management of Serious Mental Illness Resource Center.

How Can You Better Diagnose And Manage Insomnia in Your Patients?
Despite its high prevalence, insomnia is often misunderstood and mismanaged, which can lead to severe consequences. To learn more about this complex problem that affects tens of millions of people, visit the Insomnia and Sleep Health Resource Center.

Product Spotlight
Product Information from Industry

SUI Condition Site - When the patient describes symptoms of urinary incontinence, how does the clinician differentiate between SUI and UUI?

Strattera® (atomoxetine HCI) - Strattera is a prescription oral medication that is indicated for the treatment of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children, adolescents, and adults. Important Safety Information and Full Prescribing Information.

LOTREL® (amlodipine besylate/benazepril HCI) - Important findings, safety information, full Prescribing Information available here.

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