Subject: 31 August 2006 Volume 442 Number 7106, pp 957 - 1076

From: "NatureAlert"<[email-masked]>
Date: Wed, 30 Aug 2006 21:02:10 -0400 (EDT)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Volume 442 Number 7106 pp957-1076

This alert is sponsored by Roche Applied Science

In this issue
Editorials
Research Highlights
News
Business
News Features
Correspondence
Books and Arts
News and Views
Articles
Letters
Technology Features
Naturejobs
Futures

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Editor's summary
Authors
Podcast
Advance online publication

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Editorials

Top

Boosting access to disease data p957
A new agreement by stakeholders to improve the sharing of flu data should eventually stimulate research on many infectious diseases. Now to make it work.
10.1038/442957a
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Rude palaeoanthropology p957
Controversies over Homo floresiensis reflect a flourishing science.
10.1038/442957b
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Cheap IVF needed p958
False perceptions are hindering access to new research on in vitro fertilization.
10.1038/442958a
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Research Highlights

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Research highlights p960
10.1038/442960a
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News

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Locals rally to combat biodefence labs p962
Protests mount against classified research centres.
Erika Check
10.1038/442962a
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Plan to pool bird-flu data takes off p963
Researchers welcome bid to share resources.
Helen Pearson
10.1038/442963a
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Sidelines p964
10.1038/442964a
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Cash-strapped research ship must earn its living p964
High running costs threaten Chikyu's scientific agenda.
David Cyranoski
10.1038/442964b
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Pluto: the backlash begins p965
Astronomers petition against new definition of a planet.
Jenny Hogan
10.1038/442965a
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Diary of a planet's demise p966
While attending the International Astronomical Union's meeting in Prague, Jenny Hogan kept the world up to date on the Pluto debate through our newsblog. Edited excerpts.
10.1038/442966a
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Lunar probe ready to bite the dust p969
SMART-1 prepares to go out with a bang.
Geoff Brumfiel
10.1038/442969a
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Business

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Mothers of invention? p973
Women academics are less likely than men to take out patents. Emma Marris investigates the reasons why.
10.1038/442973a
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News Features

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IVF in Africa: Fertility on a shoestring p975
IVF isn't something most Westerners associate with Africa. But low-cost methods are urgently needed to treat the misery of infertility rampant on the continent, says Helen Pilcher.
10.1038/442975a
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Oceanography: Sick seas p978
The rising level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is making the world's oceans more acidic. Jacqueline Ruttimann reports on the potentially catastrophic effect this could have on marine creatures.
10.1038/442978a
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Correspondence

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A global initiative on sharing avian flu data p981
Peter Bogner et al.
10.1038/442981a
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See also: Editor's summary

Offsets could mitigate damage to biodiversity p981
Art Blundell
10.1038/442981b
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See also: Editor's summary

Funders should allow for cost of publication p981
Hernan A. Burbano
10.1038/442981c
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See also: Editor's summary

Books and Arts

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Selling Darwin p983
Does it matter whether evolution has any commercial applications?
Jerry A. Coyne reviews The Evolving World: Evolution in Everyday Life by David P. Mindell
10.1038/442983a
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Triumph and dismal failure p984
Don Ihde reviews Technology Matters: Questions to Live With by David Nye
10.1038/442984a
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On fertile ground p985
Camilla Toulmin reviews Soils and Societies: Perspectives from Environmental History edited by J. R. McNeill Verena Winiwater
10.1038/442985a
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In Retrospect: Out of the darkness p986
Jay M. Pasachoff reviews The Black Cloud by Fred Hoyle
10.1038/442986a
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News and Views

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Immunology: Protection and privilege p987
The immune system not only attacks microbes, but also regulates itself to avoid harming vital organs. Cells notorious for their involvement in allergy turn out to be vital to this protective function.
Herman Waldmann
10.1038/nature05165
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See also: Editor's summary

Cosmology: Unique, or not unique? p988
That is the question. The search for a single theory of everything is as old as science itself, and is now the beat of quantum cosmologists. But some basic tenets that inform the quest are being challenged.
Martin Bojowald
10.1038/442988a
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50 & 100 Years ago p989
10.1038/442989a
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Spectroscopy: Shifting light with spin p990
NMR spectroscopy has changed enormously over the years, but signal detection has stayed the same since the technique was invented. The latest thinking literally shines a new light on things.
Warren S. Warren
10.1038/442990a
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See also: Editor's summary

Cell biology: Taking a turn into the nucleus p991
How soluble proteins get into the cell nucleus is known in great detail, but how membrane proteins make it into the inner nuclear membrane has long been an enigma. The two processes in fact turn out to be related.
Ulrike Kutay and Petra Muhlhausser
10.1038/nature05173
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See also: Editor's summary

Astrophysics: Shock breakout caught on camera p992
What exactly is the relationship between bursts of cosmic γ-rays and the stellar explosions known as supernovae? Intimate, it seems: highly magnetic neutron stars might even have spawned both.
Timothy R. Young
10.1038/442992a
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See also: Editor's summary

Nanoscience: Small talk p994
Is rebranding research as 'nanoscience' just jumping on the bandwagon? A recent conference in Basel proves that the name does at least attract researchers from different disciplines to mingle for mutual inspiration.
Liesbeth Venema
10.1038/442994a
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Parasitology: Peculiar lipid production p995
Joshua M. Finkelstein
10.1038/442995a
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Obituary: Setsuro Ebashi (1922-2006) p996
Physiologist who uncovered the regulatory role of calcium in cells.
Makoto Endo
10.1038/442996a
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Articles

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Mast cells are essential intermediaries in regulatory T-cell tolerance p997
Li-Fan Lu et al.
10.1038/nature05010
Abstract | Full Text | PDF
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Waldmann

Karyopherin-mediated import of integral inner nuclear membrane proteins p1003
Sequences responsible for targeting integral membrane proteins to the inner nuclear membrane (INM) resemble classical nuclear localization signals. Recognition of these signals by the import receptor karyopherin-alpha promotes nuclear import; targeting of INM proteins is dependent on the Ran GTPase system and specific nuclear pore complex proteins.
Megan C. King, C. Patrick Lusk and Gunter Blobel
10.1038/nature05075
Abstract | Full Text | PDF
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Kutay Muhlhausser

Letters

Top

The association of GRB 060218 with a supernova and the evolution of the shock wave p1008
Observations of the close gamma-ray burst GRB 060218 and its connection to supernova SN 2006aj reveal the break-out of a shock wave driven by a mildly relativistic shell into the dense wind surrounding the GRB progenitor. These observation catch a supernova in the act of exploding.
S. Campana et al.
10.1038/nature04892
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
See also: Editor's summary

An optical supernova associated with the X-ray flash XRF 060218 p1011
A report of the optical discovery and follow-up observations of the type Ic supernova SN 2006aj associated with X-ray flash XRF 060218. SN 2006aj was intrinsically less luminous than the gamma-ray burst (GRB)-supernovae connection, but more luminous than many supernovae not accompanied by a GRB.
E. Pian et al.
10.1038/nature05082
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
See also: Editor's summary

Relativistic ejecta from X-ray flash XRF 060218 and the rate of cosmic explosions p1014
Radio and X-ray observations of X-ray flash XRF 060218, which is associated with supernova SN 2006aj, show that this event is 100 times less energetic but ten times more common than cosmological gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). The production of relativistic ejecta seems to be the key physical distinction between GRBs/XRFs and ordinary supernovae.
A. M. Soderberg et al.
10.1038/nature05087
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
See also: Editor's summary

A neutron-star-driven X-ray flash associated with supernova SN 2006aj p1018
Modelling the spectra and light curve of supernova SN 2006aj shows that it had a much smaller explosion energy and ejected much less mass than other gamma-ray burst-supernovae, suggesting that it was produced by a star whose initial mass was only ∼20 solar masses, and which left behind a neutron star, rather than a black hole.
Paolo A. Mazzali et al.
10.1038/nature05081
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
See also: Editor's summary

Optical detection of liquid-state NMR p1021
I. M. Savukov, S.-K. Lee and M. V. Romalis
10.1038/nature05088
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Warren

Controls on tropical Pacific Ocean productivity revealed through nutrient stress diagnostics p1025
The nutrients that limit phytoplankton growth also influence fluorescence. The nature of these relationships in the tropical Pacific are now established, allowing fluorescence measurements to determine the factors that limit phytoplankton growth in this region more accurately, and on a larger spatial scale, than has been possible previously.
Michael J. Behrenfeld et al.
10.1038/nature05083
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
See also: Editor's summary

Discovery of a magma chamber and faults beneath a Mid-Atlantic Ridge hydrothermal field p1029
Satish C. Singh et al.
10.1038/nature05105
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
See also: Editor's summary

Evidence that mechanisms of fin development evolved in the midline of early vertebrates p1033
The median fins of sharks develop from a continuous finfold derived mainly from paraxial mesoderm. Expression of Tbx18, which specifies the anterior limit of the paired forelimbs, also delineates the boundaries of median fin outgrowth. Lampreys, primitive vertebrates that lack paired limbs, have a median fin that shares a similar pattern of development with sharks.
Renata Freitas, GuangJun Zhang and Martin J. Cohn
10.1038/nature04984
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
See also: Editor's summary

The emergence of geometric order in proliferating metazoan epithelia p1038
Matthew C. Gibson, Ankit B. Patel, Radhika Nagpal and Norbert Perrimon
10.1038/nature05014
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
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Dopamine-dependent prediction errors underpin reward-seeking behaviour in humans p1042
An fMRI study of healthy human volunteers finds that when dopamine levels are either enhanced or reduced by drugs, both reward-related learning and associated striatal activity are modulated, confirming the critical role of dopamine in integrating reward information for future decisions.
Mathias Pessiglione et al.
10.1038/nature05051
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
See also: Editor's summary

Transgeneration memory of stress in plants p1046
Plants exposed to environmental stresses such as ultraviolet light exhibit increased recombination between homologous chromosomes. Here, the progeny of plants that were exposed to an environmental stress also exhibited increased levels of genetic recombination, even though the progeny were not actually exposed to the stress.
Jean Molinier, Gerhard Ries, Cyril Zipfel and Barbara Hohn
10.1038/nature05022
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
See also: Editor's summary

Dynamics of heat shock factor association with native gene loci in living cells p1050
Jie Yao, Katherine M. Munson, Watt W. Webb and John T. Lis
10.1038/nature05025
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Proteolytic turnover of the Gal4 transcription factor is not required for function in vivo p1054
Kip Nalley, Stephen Albert Johnston and Thomas Kodadek
10.1038/nature05067
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
See also: Editor's summary

Nutrient regulates Tor1 nuclear localization and association with rDNA promoter p1058
Yeast Tor1 is dynamically distributed in the cytoplasm and nucleus, and its association with the rDNA promoter is important for 35S rRNA synthesis and cell growth.
Hong Li et al.
10.1038/nature05020
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF

In situ structure of the complete Treponema primitia flagellar motor p1062
The structure (at ∼7-nm resolution) of a complete flagellar motor obtained in situ by electron cryotomography of intact Treponema primitia cells is presented. The stator's 16-fold symmetry and its multiple connections to the rotor, C ring and a novel P-ring-like structure are described.
Gavin E. Murphy, Jared R. Leadbetter and Grant J. Jensen
10.1038/nature05015
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF
See also: Editor's summary

Technology Features

Top

Microarrays: Quality control p1067
Doubt is often cast on the reliability of DNA microarrays, but resources are becoming available to help researchers overcome many of the problems inherent in this technology. Michael Eisenstein reports.
10.1038/4421067a
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See also: Editor's summary

Microarrays: Standards and practices p1067
10.1038/4421067b
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Microarrays: Hands off! p1068
10.1038/4421068a
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Microarrays: Share and share alike p1069
10.1038/4421069a
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Microarrays: Table of suppliers p1071
10.1038/4421071a
PDF

Naturejobs

Top

Prospect
Prospect p1073
Representation of women in science comes under scrutiny.
Paul Smaglik
10.1038/nj7106-1073a
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Futures

Top

The key p1076
The future's in your hands.
Ian Whates
10.1038/4421076a
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Advance Online Publication

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30 August 2006
ARTICLES
Structure of a bacterial multidrug ABC transporter
Roger J. P. Dawson and Kaspar P. Locher
doi: 10.1038/nature05155
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information

Crystal structure of an H/ACA box ribonucleoprotein particle
Ling Li and Keqiong Ye
doi: 10.1038/nature05151
Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information

LETTERS
Sperm chromatin proteomics identifies evolutionarily conserved fertility factors
Diana S. Chu et al.
doi: 10.1038/nature05050
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information

27 August 2006
LETTERS
Experience-dependent representation of visual categories in parietal cortex
David J. Freedman and John A. Assad
doi: 10.1038/nature05078
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information

Soma-germline interactions coordinate homeostasis and growth in the Drosophila gonad
Lilach Gilboa and Ruth Lehmann
doi: 10.1038/nature05068
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information

AtSNX1 defines an endosome for auxin-carrier trafficking in Arabidopsis
Yvon Jaillais et al.
doi: 10.1038/nature05046
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information

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